Comprehensions
Comprehensions#
Adding halves to a list of a range of numbers#
>>> nums
range(5, 101)
>>> halves = []
>>> for num in nums:
... halves.append(num/2)
...
>>> halves
[2.5, 3.0, 3.5, 4.0, 4.5, 5.0, 5.5, 6.0, 6.5, 7.0, 7.5, 8.0, 8.5, 9.0, 9.5, 10.0, 10.5, 11.0, 11.5, 12.0, 12.5, 13.0, 13.5, 14.0, 14.5, 15.0, 15.5, 16.0, 16.5, 17.0, 17.5, 18.0, 18.5, 19.0, 19.5, 20.0, 20.5, 21.0, 21.5, 22.0, 22.5, 23.0, 23.5, 24.0, 24.5, 25.0, 25.5, 26.0, 26.5, 27.0, 27.5, 28.0, 28.5, 29.0, 29.5, 30.0, 30.5, 31.0, 31.5, 32.0, 32.5, 33.0, 33.5, 34.0, 34.5, 35.0, 35.5, 36.0, 36.5, 37.0, 37.5, 38.0, 38.5, 39.0, 39.5, 40.0, 40.5, 41.0, 41.5, 42.0, 42.5, 43.0, 43.5, 44.0, 44.5, 45.0, 45.5, 46.0, 46.5, 47.0, 47.5, 48.0, 48.5, 49.0, 49.5, 50.0]
List comprehension#
Always creates a list
We want to create a list of halves, which is num divide by 2 for each num in nums
halves = [num/2 for num in nums]
Fizzbuzz#
Numbers 1 to 100. If number is divisisble by 3 print fizz, by 7 prints buzz, both fizzbuzz
List comprehensions become difficult to understand when there are too many conditions
>>> print([num for num in range(0, 101) if num % 3 == 0])
Looping through 2 iterables#
rows = range(4)
cols = range(10)
(x, y) for y in rows for x in cols]
The inner loop is run for each in the outer
>>> [(letter, number) for letter in 'abcde' for number in range(0,6)]
[('a', 0), ('a', 1), ('a', 2), ('a', 3), ('a', 4), ('a', 5), ('b', 0), ('b', 1), ('b', 2), ('b', 3), ('b', 4), ('b', 5), ('c', 0), ('c', 1), ('c', 2), ('c', 3), ('c', 4), ('c', 5), ('d', 0), ('d', 1), ('d', 2), ('d', 3), ('d', 4), ('d', 5), ('e', 0), ('e', 1), ('e', 2), ('e', 3), ('e', 4), ('e', 5)]
Creating a dictionary#
>>> {number:letter for letter, number in zip('abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz', range(1, 27))}
{1: 'a', 2: 'b', 3: 'c', 4: 'd', 5: 'e', 6: 'f', 7: 'g', 8: 'h', 9: 'i', 10: 'j', 11: 'k', 12: 'l', 13: 'm', 14: 'n', 15: 'o', 16: 'p', 17: 'q', 18: 'r', 19: 's', 20: 't', 21: 'u', 22: 'v', 23: 'w', 24: 'x', 25: 'y', 26: 'z'}
Zip#
Basically returns the same index position for all iterables
>>> help(zip)
Help on class zip in module builtins:
class zip(object)
| zip(iter1 [,iter2 [...]]) --> zip object
|
| Return a zip object whose .__next__() method returns a tuple where
| the i-th element comes from the i-th iterable argument. The .__next__()
| method continues until the shortest iterable in the argument sequence
| is exhausted and then it raises StopIteration.
|
| Methods defined here:
|
| __getattribute__(self, name, /)
| Return getattr(self, name).
Sets#
Sets are like a list but they don’t have an order and are unique
They are created with { } but they don’t have a colon to seperate values